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fCIÉ´·éìpdÉÅAE¤ÌdÉÍd¬ÌÝðʵ¨¿Ìڮ̳¢QÆdÉÅ·D
ÊíÍAñ{ÌdÉðê{ÉÜÆßÄȺÌæ¤È`Ås̳êĢܷD
ê{Å ÁÄàî{IÈdgÝͯ¶Å 骪©èÜ·ËD
³ÄCdÉÆ¢ÁÄàdʷ𶳹ĻÌdÊðªèµÄ¢éÌÅAî{IÉÍdrƯ¶Å·D ƺÌà®ÂðH ÉZ·ÆdÊ·ª¶¶ÄcÁÄ¢¤A Ìg{^Ìdrhƴͯ¶Å·D ƾ¤í¯ÅC±ÌKXdÉÌdrÌ®ÍȺÌæ¤É\³êÜ·D
E1 | E2 | E3 | E4 | Ag/AgCl dÉ(i) |
0.1 mol dm-3 HCl àt(i) |
x mol dm-3 H+ Zx¢mÌ¿nt |
Oa KCl (ii) àt(ii) |
Ag/AgCl dÉ(ii) |
¦¨ñ©1cüÍdʪ¶¶éƱëAñdüͻ̤¿¨¿ÌÚ®ªÈ¢Æ±ë
cü²ÆÌdÊ·¤¿A
E1 & E4FAg+ Ì_»Ò³dÊCªèÍêèD
E2Fàt(i)Æ¿ntÆÌ H+ ZxÌäÉæÁÄÜéD
¦¨ñ©2KXÍ H+ ÉÌÝ´·éD
E3F¿ntÆàt(ii)ÆÌdÊ·AªèÍAÜêèAÆ¢¤æè©È謳¢lidÊ·ª³¢ÌªzjD
·Èí¿AKXŶ¶édÊ·ÈOͪèÍêèƩȹéí¯Å·D
µ½ªÁÄAdɼ[ÌâE»âdÉÔÌdÊ·ð²×é±ÆÉæÁÄAKXÉæédÊ·AàÁƾ¤Æ¿ntÌ H+ ZxªªèÅ«Ü·D
³Ä±±ÅAE2É¢Äྵܵå¤D
ntàÌ H+ ÌdC»w|eVi½tðµißæ¤Æ·é`Jݽ¢ÈljÊ* ÍA
Ê* = Ê0 + RT lnaH + nFÓ
Æ\³êÜ·D±±ÅCÊ0FW»w|eVCRFCÌèCTFâηxCaHFH+ ÌÊAnFH+ Ìd×Å n = 1CFFt@f[èCÓFdÊÅ·D
óntÅÍCaH = ÁH [H+] Å·©çCã̮𫷦éÆȺÌæ¤ÉÈèÜ·D
Ê* = Ê0 + R T lnÁH + R T ln[H+] + FÓ
R Æ F Íè¾µAªèÍ T ¨æÑ Ê0 ÍêèÉÛ½êÜ·D
ܽAxdð¿iá¦Î 0.1 mol dm-3 Ì NaCljðÁ¦é±ÆÉæÁÄAi¦¨ñ©3jH+ ÌÊW ÁH àêèÆ©È·±ÆªÅ«Ü·D
àt(i)i=internal solutionjyÑ¿nti=external solutionAdÉOÌtjÌdC»w|eVð»ê¼ê Ê*intCÊ*ext Æ·éÆA
Ê*int = Ê0int + R T lnÁH,int + R T ln[H+]int + FÓint
Ê*ext = Ê0ext + R T lnÁH,ext + R T ln[H+]ext + FÓext
±±ÅCÁH,intA[H+]intAyÑ ÁH,ext Í»ê¼êªèêèÅ·DntªidÉÌàÆOªj½tÉ éÆ«AÊ*int = Ê*ext ÈÌÅi»êª»w|eVÆ¢¤à̾IjA
Ê0int + R T lnaH,int + FÓint = Ê0ext + R T lnÁH,ext + R T ln[H+] + FÓext
ÆÈèÜ·D±±ÅA[H+] = [H+]ext ƨ«Üµ½D±ê±»ªCªèµ½¢u¿ntÌ
fCIZxvÅ·D
³Ä¢ÜAªè³êédÊ· E2 ÍAE2 = Óint - Óext Å éÌÅA
E2 = ( Ê0ext - Ê0int + RT lnÁH,ext - RT lnaH,int )/F + RT/FEln[H+]
ªAKXɶ¶édÊ·Æ¢¤ÉÈèÜ·D
±Ì¤¿æêͪèÍêèÅ éÌÅ E20 Æu«Aæñɨ¢Äè g ð g = RT/F ln10 ÆuÆAgElog[H+]CÜ½Í - g pH ƯܷD
Ç E2 ÍA
E2 = E20 + gElog[H+]
Æ\³êÜ·D
±Ìè g Í·xªêèÌêÉêèÅ èAá¦Î25ɨ¢ÄÍ g = 59.16 (mV/pH) Å·D
ÇCªèµ½¼[ÌâE»âdÉÌdÊ E =E1 + E2 + E3 + E4 ÍA
E = E1 + E20 + gElog[H+] + E3 +E4
ÉæÁÄ\³êÜ·D
ãÉq×½ÊèAE1AE20AE3AyÑ E4 ͪèÍêèÅ·ÌűêçÌaðüßÄ E0 ÆuÆA
E = E0 + gElog[H+]
ÆÈPɱƪoÜ·D
±Ì E0 ÍWdÉdÊÆÄÎêCªèÍêèÅ éªlªª©çÈ¢ÌÅCªè²ÆÉZ³µÄ±Ìlðßé±ÆÉÈèÜ·D
Ryo Kanzaki <kanzaki@sci.kagoshima-u.ac.jp>